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Влияние добавок Sc и Zr на микроструктуру, механические свойства и коррозионные свойства алюминиевого сплава 7075
Аннотация
Изучено влияние различного содержания Sc и Zr на микроструктуру, механические свойства и коррозионную стойкость алюминиевого сплава 7075 после термической обработки T6. После обработки на твердый раствор и двухступенчатого старения когерентные частицы Al3(Sc, Zr) эффективно закрепляли дислокации и границы субзерен, что препятствовало процессу рекристаллизации сплава и измельчало зерна. Благодаря упрочнению за счет измельчения зерна и упрочнению по Оровану, по сравнению с алюминиевым сплавом 7075 без добавления Sc и Zr, алюминиевые сплавы 0,1Sc – 0,2Zr – 7075 и 0,2Sc – 0,4Zr – 7075 продемонстрировали значительное повышение предела прочности на растяжение (на 88 и 124 МПа соответственно) и предела текучести (на 138 и 141 МПа соответственно). Установлено также, что совместное добавление элементов Sc и Zr препятствует росту и укрупнению фазы h¢ и предотвращает образование более крупной фазы h (MgZn2 ) вдоль границ зерен, за счет чего уменьшается склонность сплава к образованию питтинговых язв и, как следствие, повышается коррозионная стойкость.
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Литература
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.30906/mitom.2025.7.21-21
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